The second material of the joint project of the journal «Science and Innovation» and the Institute of History of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus «Liberation. Chronicle of events», reveals the details of the offensive operations of the Red Army in the Vitebsk, Bogushevsk, Orsha areas in March - April 1944.

The material examines the mechanisms of protection of certain species of animals and plants.

The article emphasizes the need to establish long-term monitoring and measures for the renaturalization of flora representatives that are in an endangered state in Belarus.

The author justifies the need to compile lists of protected animals and plants for the further maintenance of biological diversity.

A strategy for the conservation of rare and endangered species of plants and fungi is presented, which provides the population principle of their protection in natural habitat as a priority direction.

The paper deals with the bioresource collections creation, as well as the role of molecular genetic methods for studying biological diversity.

The current state of the bison population in the world and Belarus is reflected. Its historical range and reasons for the decline in numbers are given. Measures to preserve the bison and restore its numbers are described. The population dynamics of the species and the spatial distribution of micropopulations in Belarus are reflected. It has been determined that the most pressing problem associated with the conservation and management of the population is its uneven distribution throughout the country. It has been established that about 70% of the species’ population is concentrated in just 3 micropopulations, and one of the threats to the further existence of the bison.

New information on the distribution and dynamics of the number Southern Festoon – Zerynthia polyxena (Denis et Schiffermüller, 1775) in Belarus is provided. Currently, there are five isolated areas of the Belarusian fragment of the range in the country, localized in the valleys of the Dnieper, Sozh, and Pripyat Rivers. The water regime of the rivers is characterized by a strong spring flood, which in some years have the character of catastrophic floods and leads to flooding of the butterfly habitats. The warming of the climate, accompanied by frequent winter thaws, has led to a significant decrease in spring floods and their displacement to earlier dates. As a result, Southern Festoon has spread more widely in the South-East Belarus. The largest number of the species speciment was found in 2016-2020, which we associate with the period of weak spring floods on the rivers. Probably, during this period, the species actively explored new habitats in floodplain ecosystems and reached the latitude of Rechytsa City. In 2022 and 2023, there were observed extremely high floods in the South-East of Belarus. As a result of high floods, the number of Polyxena has fallen tenfold and the species has been preserved mainly on the most elevated terrain areas or at a considerable distance from rivers. In years with extreme spring floods, Polyxena does not fly out to the open floodplain and has no opportunity to settle.

The article deals with the global problem of biological invasions and specifically invasive alien species in the fauna of Belarus. The legislation and global reports on invasive alien species, international and national projects that have been conducted and are currently being carried out by the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus in this field are being considered. The issues of the importance of development of a national strategy for invasive alien species are discussed.

The first part of the review of global trends in the electric transport development examines factors influencing the pricing policies of companies, improving existing batteries and creating new types.

The successful experience of China in borrowing foreign innovations and international scientific and technical cooperation is analyzed. There is a stereotype that China has made an innovation breakthrough by directly borrowing foreign technology and innovation. However, the process of their development was more complex and mutually beneficial, and ultimately gave rise to the conditions for the creation of their own technologies and innovations, this is confirmed by China’s world leader today in patent registration and the publication of scientific articles. The article identifies the factors of such success associated with properly organized scientific and technical cooperation.

Director of the Center for Digital Development Igor Mikhailovsky talks about the formation and development of the domestic digital economy ecosystem and the challenges facing the organization.

The author considers the changed proportion of women scientists in the personnel of Belarusian science over the last quarter of a century.

The first material of a new series in which Belarusian mathematicians, in the framework of the joint project, will introduce the reader to the amazing history of the inventions of their scientific colleagues.

The article presents the results of long-term lysimetric studies (for 1981–2020) on the influx of atmospheric precipitation onto the surface of the most common soils of the Republic of Belarus, their migration and transformation in soil solutions, the loss of nutrients (total nitrogen, nitrate and ammonium, phosphorus (P2O5) and potassium – K2O) from a soil layer of 1.0–1.5 m into the environment when used in crop rotations when cultivating agricultural crops of standard and new forms of fertilizers in optimal and increased doses, as well as standard fertilizers under a monoculture of perennial legume-cereal grass mixtures, with an assessment their economic damage in the system «аtmospheric precipitation – soil – fertilizer – plant».

The final part of the selection of commemorative practices is related to outstanding representatives of agricultural science in Belarus.