The article reflects the results of the analysis of the transit potential of Belarus. It was noted that with the introduction of the sanctions regime the development of transit potential in the republic is currently carried out mainly in the directions of development of railway and automotive transport systems. The state and trends of development of the international transport and logistics market and cargo transportation are examined. Special attention is paid to the role of legal regulation of border crossing conditions and simplification of customs administration procedures in the Republic of Belarus. It has been determined that the Belarusian Mainline has the necessary reserves of throughput and carrying capacity in the organization of transit traffic. The possibilities and problems of the transit cargo transportation process in the state of export-import restrictions imposed against Belarusian economic entities are revealed. The attention is drawn to the active reorientation of cargo transportation by the Republic of Belarus and the establishment of new routes, the need for comprehensive and continuous improvement of the transit attractiveness of the country, taking into account the influence of both internal and external factors.